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Article #74: Terminal Illness and Death

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Today, through the application of death itself"(p.15). Many people as well
science, we have a technology of great as their families want to know how the
benefits and comprehensive implications. person will die because of their fear
We can map the surfaces of neighboring that death will be horrible and painful.
planets, split the atom and the DNA A major concern for persons is where they
molecule, and more on it recent want to be when they die. Some prefer to
advancements in modern medical be at home surrounded by family and
technologies have increased the hope and friends. Others prefer to be alone in
life-span expectancies of people. order to not burden their loved ones.
However, inherently each of us is still a The person also experience hope along
purely weak creature with a desire for with fears. This may include a hope for
meaning. We may have challenged the another birthday; to see a child graduate
powers of God with our science, but we or marry etc. It is a fact that with out
remain individually constrained by our hope life has a very little meaning. The
innate emotional needs, frightening dying also have some needs at that time,
dependencies and terrifying for instance a need to wind up the
vulnerabilities. The human fate is so unfinished business, a need to mend a
fragile, as we daily see accidents, broken relationship, a need to transfer
illnesses and deaths. Nothing is precious the property and wealth through own will.
to us than our lives but each and every These needs are all part of getting one's
one of us has to leave this world. What house in order. At that time the person
happens when one is about to leave the needs to have a strong and meaningful
world? According to the psychologist Erik support.
Erickson (1959), every individual passes Along with the psychosocial issues, of
through eight stages of psychosocial importance is sexuality and affectional
development. He classifies the final consideration. In our cultural situation
stage as "Integrity vs. Despair". At it may look awful to address the
this stage, the individual is engaged in sexuality of a dying, but sexuality has
life review and preparation for the its own importance during terminal phase.
end-of-life. This writing is focuses The person may need more love and
on the feelings of dying, in terms of affection at that time than a healthy
experience of loss, psychosocial issues, one. What is sexuality? Of course it is
and sexual and affection considerations. more than the act of intercourse or
Taking in consideration the experience of physiological characteristics that
loss, faced by the dying, death is the represent gender. Our sexuality is
ultimate loss and through the dying essential to our beings; it is a basic
process we gradually suffer physical, need and an aspect of humanness that can
social and psychological depletion. not be separated from the rest of life.
Physical losses begin with the Sexual adjustment and fulfillment are
deterioration of health. Illness weakens enhanced by a close, loving relationship
the body over a period of time. The with another person: In our culture
gradual loss of body image can cause usually a husband/wife. Close and loving
great suffering. People spend lifetimes relationships with their implications
integrating their perception of their own create feelings of fulfillment and
physical appearance with their perception meaning in life. Therefore dying process
of how others view them. People who are has an impact on the dying person as well
taking medications during their terminal as their relationship. In fact, those who
phase often have facial swelling are dying should also be treated as
puffiness, weight loss or gain, hair sexual beings.
loss, and other physical changes. These In summary, the dying experiences a
changes may bring a little more painful series of losses during the period of
awareness of how much the person has their final illness. Changes in body
changed in appearance. The dying face image, roles, relationships and sexuality
loss in another area, their all creates emotional concerns for the
relationships; friends and family who not dying person and those who are closed to
know how to deal with the person will them. They also have fears. The fear of
often find it convenient to stay away. abandonment and the fear of pain are
And those who shows their concerns almost universal. We need to understand
initially, will stop calling or visiting feelings about loss and fear. We also
one by one. Whatever the reasons, their need to understand our own feelings in
abandonment hurt deeply. Along with this order to be more comfortable with death.
the most painful loss might be the lost The care of the dying person should
of personal future. According to Feifel include opportunities for that individual
and Branscomb(1993), "Humans are unique to develop and maintain a sense of worth
in being able to grasp the concept of a and integrity as well as a sense of
future"(p.81). No future means no control, completion, resolve, and
relationship, no role, no possessions, no closure. This includes multi-dimensional
being. The thought itself is overwhelming holistic care, including physical,
and frightening. What will my children psychosocial, and spiritual care.
and spouse do with out me? Who will take References
over my place? What will happen to my Bosch, L. et.al, (2005).The role of the
things? Someone who is going to die will nephrology social worker in end-of-life
have all these questions in their mind. issues. Retrieved on April 02,
. In addition to these losses face 2006 from http//
by a dying, there are a variety of Feifel, H., and Branscomb, A. (1993).
psychosocial issues that they experience. Who's afraid of death? Journal of
Since people have no first-hand abnormal psychology. 81:282.
experience with death, the dying process Gray, R. (1981). Some physiological
itself is often feared. According to Gray needs: In dealing with death and dying.
(1981), "Most people have a greater dread (p.15) Horsham.
of the process of dying than they do of






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