Hypertensive Crisis - The Nursing Management

Some patients may be admitted for the treatment ofcholesterol should be avoided. Coffee, tea, kola nuts,
hypertensive crisis, control of complication or for thealcohol should be avoided or minimized.
establishment of a treatment regimen. When on4. Physical care: Assist patient with physical care if
admission, here are some of the immediate cares thatpatient is very weak. Where there is blurred vision
the nursing team could give to the patient to aid hispatient may require the use of medicated eye glasses.
speedy recovery:If there is bleeding from the nose (epistaxis) apply ice
1. Observation: Vital signs should be checked 2 hourlypack to the bridge of the nose and back of the neck.
with emphasis on Blood pressure and pulse rate.When the ice pack cannot control bleeding the nose
Monitor patient's weight daily and keep proper record.may be packed. The pack should however be
This is to help detect oedema or weight loss. Checkremoved within few days. Make sure patient does not
for side effects of drugs e.g. orthostatic hypotension.lie on one side of his body for several days in bed. If
2. Rest: Patient should be advised to avoid stress andhe is to be admitted for days, his position should be
tension. He should therefore have physical and mentalchanged every 2-4 hours to prevent pressure sore
rest in order to conserve energy. Encourage moderatefrom developing.
exercise e.g. walking if there is no dyspnoea. Mild5. Elimination: Constipation should be avoided because it
tranquilizers may be given to enable patient sleep.makes the patient strain at defecation thereby further
Should there be dizziness patient should be protectedelevating the blood pressure. Food rich in fibre should
from falls and injury.be given to prevent constipation. Enough fluid should be
3. Diet: Restrict sodium intake to about 4grams daily.given but adequate care has to be taken in order not
Give light, easily digestible diet. Fatty food andto overload the patient with fluid. Overloading with fluid
excessive carbohydrate that can increase weight andcould pose its own problems to the patient.